Excess of snow is deposited in the high hills and mountains. Due to the climate change, the temperature of the earth is also increasing. This has resulted in the melting of the snow of the high hills and mountains. The melted snow gets collected in the nearby low-lying places and forms a lake. Such lake is known as glacial lake. A number of glacial lakes have been formed in
Nepal. As these lakes are formed at high altitude, they do not have strong walls and bottom to support the large mass of water. This may result in the failure of the dam containing a glacial lake. When the dam containing a glacial lake fails, a lake outburst occurs. The failure can also happen due to erosion, a buildup of water pressure, an avalanche of rock or heavy snow, an earthquake, etc. Many glacial lakes of Nepal have suffered outburst and some of them
an are in verge of outburst. The glacial lake outburst causes flood which can cause a heavy loss of life and property. It has been reported that five lakes are potentially dangerous,
namely, Dig Tsho, Imja, Lower Barun. Tsho Rolpa, and Thulagi. A recent study has reported 20 potentially dangerous lakes in
Nepal. In ten of them Glacial Lake Outburst Flood occurred in the past few years and some have been regenerating after the
event. Additional dangerous glacial lakes may exist in parts of Tibet that are drained by streams crossing into Nepal, raisin the possibility of outburst incidents in Tibet causing downstre damage in Nepal. The Gandaki River basin is reported 1025 glaciers and 338 lakes.
an are in verge of outburst. The glacial lake outburst causes flood which can cause a heavy loss of life and property. It has been reported that five lakes are potentially dangerous,
namely, Dig Tsho, Imja, Lower Barun. Tsho Rolpa, and Thulagi. A recent study has reported 20 potentially dangerous lakes in
Nepal. In ten of them Glacial Lake Outburst Flood occurred in the past few years and some have been regenerating after the
event. Additional dangerous glacial lakes may exist in parts of Tibet that are drained by streams crossing into Nepal, raisin the possibility of outburst incidents in Tibet causing downstre damage in Nepal. The Gandaki River basin is reported 1025 glaciers and 338 lakes.
*causes of Glacial Lake Outburst Flood
1.Erosion of rocks damming the glacial lakes
2.Avalanche of rocks or heavy snowmass in a glacial lake
3.Earthquake that damages the walls or support of the
glacial lake
4.Pressure due to the large mass of snowy water contained
in a glacial lake
5.Volcanic eruption under the ice. However, this cause has not affected Nepal ever since.
*Effects of Glacial Lake Outburst Flood
1. It causes flood in the draining rivers.
2. It can cause heavy loss of life and property.
3. It destroys human settlement and cultivable land.
4. It can destroy wildlife.
5. It can destroy the infrastructures of development.
*Preventive measures of Glacial Lake Outburst Flood
1. A regular monitoring is necessary to identify dangerous
2. Gradual outlet of water of the lake should be managed for
3. Human settlement and grazing of cattle should be avoided near biggerglacial lakes.
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