Nepal

                                        Nepal

        Nepal is one of the most beautiful countries in the world. It lies in the heart of Asia continent. The beauty of Nepal is beyond description. No matter how far we describe her, does not suffice. The Almighty has thoughtfully and deliberately
created her. She looks ever smiling. She lies on the tender lap of the Himalayas which spontaneously flow their powerful feelings. They consider this piece of heaven a dreamland.

Nepal is known as the land of Mt Everest. Towards the north there are very high

Himalayas capped with snow. The scene of melting snow and piled snow attract us

dramatically. Many tourists come to climb the high mountains. Physically Nepal is divided into three geographical divisions. The Terai belt adds

more beauty to her. The greenery of crops in our eyesight is very fantastic. Our eyes never get tired of sighting them. There are many dense forests in the Terai belt. The hilly region is famous for its beauty. The mountain region attracts the more tourists by its endless ranges of snow capped peaks.

Nepal being the secular nation is very rich in religious and cultural, heritage. There are many temples, stupas, monasteries,  kuties,  water spouts,  (kundas)  statues and idols of Gods and Goddesses here. They are full of art and architecture. The religions such as Hindu, Buddhism, Christianity, Islamism, Jainism, Sikhism and many others are in practice. Here is religious tolerance. Our mother Nepal has

given birth to great personalities such as Janak, Buddha, Sita,  Bhrikuti, Shiva, Parvati, Bal Gura Khadanand, Prithivi Narayan Shah, Laxmi Prasad Devkota, Pushpa Lal, Ganeshman etc who contributed to her development very much.

Unity among diversity is our identification. Nepal is a beautiful garden of multiple castes, creeds, religions, and cultures. Nationality is our motto. Nepal is a small country. It lies in between the two big countries, India and China. The total area it occupies is 1, 47,181 sq km. It is a beautiful country. Nepal is a developing country. It is on the path of development. Many parts of Nepal lack roads, electricity, communication, health services and many other

aspects of life. The people in general in Nepal are friendly.

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Munamadan

                              Muna Madan

Favourite book means the most liking book.As a school student I have to read many books of courses. Only courses books are not enough for the students. We must read even more books. There are many books available in the markets. I have read some of the books that are not incorporated in our course. Among the book, l have read, I like the Muna Madan the best and written by the great poet Laxmi Prasad Devkota. I like Muna Madan because it has addressed the real status of the majority of the Nepalese people through several casts.

Muna Madan is a lyrical ballet and the language used in the book is attractive and tongue hanging Words are used from the root and typical It is a small epic. It contains the story of a newly marrned couple Muna and Madan. According to the Story of ths epic, Madan had an old mother and their life standard is miserable In order to reform his family status Madan decides to go to Lhassa to earn money with hs friends. When he earns some money he returns to his family but before reaches the family he falls ill and his friends leave him alone on the way A Sherpa(bhote) meets him and he is cured well In return he gives his earnings but the
Sherpa can't accept He gives a lesson that property is always less than happiness and humanity.



At home, somebody messages Madan's mother that he is dead Mother and daughter-in-law (Muna) can't tolerate the message and they faint and die When Madan arrives at home he finds his aged mother and his beloved wife dead The
book has a tragic end Madan in the whole epic is a representative cast for the haves not people.

Muna Madan tells us that humanity is dying out because of selfishness nature of mankind. More assets invite worries rather than happiness. The book ironically addresses over the castes and creeds and expresses that there is an only caste and that is man.  Man is regarded superior not with caste but with deeds.

Muna Madan is one of the famous books in the field of world literature. Devkota's supreme work Muna Madan' has been translated into several languages . Devkota once himself had said "If all of my creations and compositions will be fire caught, let survive my Muna Madan' When one reads this book once, he feels thrust
reading it again and again.

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My heart leaps up when I behold

           My Heart Leaps Up When I Behold

                                                 -William Wordsworth

Willam Wordsworth (1770 1850), English poet and worshipper of nature and simplicity, was born in the Lake District. He spent some time in France, where he became an enthusiastic republican until disillusioned by the Terro which followed the French Revolution. In Somerset, with Coleridge, he composed the Lyrical Ballads (1798), which attacked conventional poetry of the 18th century and which started the Romantic Movement in English. Then he setrled with his sister Dorothy in Grasmere in 1799. In 1802 he married Mary Hurchinson and they started living a life of
"plain living and high tinking," and he composed the poems that made him (after initial hostility) revered as the greatest poet of his time. These poems include "Immortality Ode" (1807), many fine sonnets, and pastoral poems such as Michael" (1800), Radical in his youth, he became
conservative with age. In 1843, he was made poet laureate.His autobiographical poem, The Prelude, was posthumously published in 1850

Wordsworth says: "Poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powertul feelings it takes its origin from emotions recollected in tranquillity" In this poem "My heart Leaps Up he recollects an experience of his childhood days and gives his emotion and feelings a meaning.

My heart leaps up when I behold.

A rainbow in the sky:

So was it when my life began;

So is it now I am a man:

 So be it when I shall grow old, 

Or let me die! 

The Child is father of the Man;

And I could wish my days to be

  Bound each to each by natural piety.

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The Three Artists

                                The three artists

Once in a town there lived three famous artists. It was difficult to decide who the artist of the three was. In order to decide the best out of three, a competition as held A Judge named Budhi Krishna was appointed to declare who would win the prize in the competition. In the competition each of them was given the choice to point any picture he liked the best One painted nice and natural flowers
The second painted a cornfield that
seemed exactly like natural cornfield
And the third couldn't paint any
pictures, he only cleared his brushes
to paint a figure of his liking. He
best rubbed all his brushed to a curtain.




The flower was so beautiful and natural that a bee was attracted to collect the
honey The cornfield looked so natural that an ox came and tried to eat the corn
The judge watching the events of the two animals on the pictures admired and
praised them. And then the judge was taken to the third picture. When he found
hould remove it to get into the room. As he tried to do so it with his hands,
realize that it was a picture, not a curtain. Then the judge decided that te third
deceived an animal but the third deceived a human being, who was superior to the
And the certain onlyI had hung to clean my brushes as my painting brushes were
COvered with different unnecessary colours, which I had not expected for my Fine
Art Then the judge was amazed and became redder.


Moral: Competition should not only be for a.                     medal
             Creation should deceive the human.                        heart.

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The well of sweet water

                             The Well Of Sweet Water

Once unfortinately a fox fell into a well. He tried his best but could not get out of the well He was in despair At the very moment a goat appeared there wandering to and fro in search of water, as it was very thirsty. Hearing the voice of the goat up the well,  the fox pretended that he was drinking water. looking at the activities of  the fox down, the goat asked the fox "How is the taste of the water you are drinking there? The fox from the well replied, "Brother Goat, the water of the well is sweet to the taste and i have never drunk such tasty water before. It is so sweet that though I have satisfied my thirst I wish to drink more so I have been waiting
for my thirst since l quenched my thirst before. So my brother ! Come down and you'll surely find it very tasty"

The foolish goat believed into the words of the fox So he jumped down into the
well. As soon as the goat was there, the silly fox jumped upon its head and then
without much difficulty he got released from the well, and went away. The foolish goat remained in the well. Now he underst why the fox invited him to Jump down into the well





Moral: One should think well before doing a thing

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Glacial lake outburst flood (GLOF)

Glacial lake outburst flood (GLOF)

Excess of snow is deposited in the high hills and mountains. Due to the climate change, the temperature of the earth is also increasing. This has resulted in the melting of the snow of the high hills and mountains. The melted snow gets collected in the nearby low-lying places and forms a lake. Such lake is known as glacial lake. A number of glacial lakes have been formed in

Nepal. As these lakes are formed at high altitude, they do not have strong walls and bottom to support the large mass of water. This may result in the failure of the dam containing a glacial lake. When the dam containing a glacial lake fails, a lake outburst occurs. The failure can also happen due to erosion, a buildup of water pressure, an avalanche of rock or heavy snow, an earthquake, etc. Many glacial lakes of Nepal have suffered outburst and some of them
an are in verge of outburst. The glacial lake outburst causes flood which can cause a heavy loss of life and property. It has been reported that five lakes are potentially dangerous,
namely, Dig Tsho, Imja, Lower Barun. Tsho Rolpa, and Thulagi. A recent study has reported 20 potentially dangerous lakes in
Nepal. In ten of them Glacial Lake Outburst Flood occurred in the past few years and some have been regenerating after the
event. Additional dangerous glacial lakes may exist in parts of Tibet that are drained by streams crossing into Nepal, raisin the possibility of outburst incidents in Tibet causing downstre damage in Nepal. The Gandaki River basin is reported 1025 glaciers and 338 lakes.

*causes of Glacial Lake Outburst Flood

1.Erosion of rocks damming the glacial lakes

2.Avalanche of rocks or heavy snowmass in a glacial lake

3.Earthquake that damages the walls or support of the

glacial lake

4.Pressure due to the large mass of snowy water contained

in a glacial lake

5.Volcanic eruption under the ice. However, this cause has not affected Nepal ever since.

*Effects of Glacial Lake Outburst Flood

1. It causes flood in the draining rivers.

2. It can cause heavy loss of life and property.

3. It destroys human settlement and cultivable land.

4. It can destroy wildlife.

5. It can destroy the infrastructures of development.

*Preventive measures of Glacial Lake Outburst Flood

1. A regular monitoring is necessary to identify dangerous

2. Gradual outlet of water of the lake should be managed for

3. Human settlement and grazing of cattle should be avoided near biggerglacial lakes.

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Student Life

The term of student life comes from the Combination of two words  Student and life. Student refers the learners  and life refers the whole survival period. We have several periods in life. Out of these all periods of life student life is a part of life, Which is the most important  part of life.

The stage of student life generally begins from the age of six. But nowadays with the sense of modern  and quality education, by the age of ‘ 2 or 3 years schooling can be started  with the title of pre-schooling.

The student life is the most , important stage in entire life. it's the life of practice, life of labour, life of preparation. This is the period of getting education, learning discipline and m sharpening knowledge and preparation for the life ahead. When a student goes to  school he begins to be curious for things. He asks the teachers, friends and mintellectually senior personalities to quench the thrust of education.

It Student life is practical burden less life. He has no domestic burden; family is a part of his schooling because it's first school that begins from mother's lap, where he learns the process of socializing. A student has to work hard and the success depends on his labour. In school he learns the languages, social etiquettes, the number of science (mathematics), the stories of times (history), stars and snows (science and geography), secret of rhymes (music) and more aspects.

As he moves ahead for the higher education, he chooses the field for specialization  that he hopes better to the days ahead. Unless he gets better and quality education, he can't bear the challenges in future's life. Thus, student must devote for his life because it‘s a golden period of life.

Besides these theoretical excellences. students must go with the practical and societal competencies. He owns leadership skills through several co-curricular activities. He has to make himself a sound body with a sound mindHe has to create moral values in him. He has to form the habits of hospitality, respect, good character, courtesy, honour and morality. These are essential aspects in student life.

Students are the future pillar for the nation. The government should provide them quality education because they certainly take all sorts of national burdens on them ln future. They are lovers of peace, thus, educational environment is a must for them around their lnstltutlons.

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Vasco da Gama

Vasco da Gama

Vasco da Gama IS best remembered as the first European to sail from Europe to India. The sea route he found helped Portugal build a rich empire overseas.

Vasco da Gama was born in Sines, Portugal,  around 1469. As a young man, da Gama  studied navigation and astronomy. He went on to serve as an officer in the Portuguese navy.

In 1497, the king of Portugal asked da Gama to find a sea route to India by sailing around Africa. This would allow Portugal to control the rich Indian spice trade.

In July 1497, da Gama set sail from Lisbon, Portugal, with four ships. By January 1498, the expedition reached Mozambique on Africa's southeastern coast. But Arab traders in Mozambique disliked the Portuguese. They drove da Gama away.

Farther north, on the coast of Kenya, da Gama recruited an Arab sailor to guide his ships across the Indian Ocean. In May 1498, they reached Calicut on India's coast.

In Calicut, da Gama found pearls, jewels, and wonderful spices for sale. But the king and local merchants refused to trade with the Portuguese. Furious, da Gama sailed away. He arrived in Portugal in 1499 and was honored as a hero.

In 1502, da Gama made a second voyage to India. He returned to Calicut with warships and soldiers. Da Gama sank merchant vessels and killed many civilians. The king of Calicut surrendered.

Da Gama sailed home to Portugal carrying a rich cargo of spice. Portugal soon built a valuable trading empire in India.

In 1524, da Gama made his last voyage to India. The Portuguese king had named da Gama the governor of Portugal’s possessions there. Da Gama died three months after reaching India

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